• $\LaTeX$ Graphics drawing with Tikz
  • What is tikz?
  • Why we want to use tikz?
  • Pros and cons of tikz
  • A typical tikz environment
  • A inline tikz environment
  • Line drawing example
  • Rectangle drawing example
  • Ellipse and circle drawing example
  • Drawing Bezier Curve
  • Changing draw style
    • Predefined Colors
    • Defining own Colors
  • Controlling fill and transparency of colors
  • Drawing arrow line
  • nodes in TikZ
  • relative controls of shapes
  • Draw grid shapes
  • Shading in TikZ
    • Shading functions
    • shading a shape
  • Grouping elements
  • Cliping in tikz
  • Mindmap library in tikz
  • Loops in tikz
  • Design a flow chart for adding 10 numbers uning TikzEdt Tool
  • Plots in TikZ
  • Plots from csv file in TikZ
  • Plots from txt file in TikZ

$\LaTeX$ Graphics drawing with Tikz

What is tikz?

• TikZ is probably the most complex and powerful tool to create graphic elements in LaTeX.
• Tikz (ist kein Zeichenprogramm) : it’s not a drawing program
• Tikz is many times writen as PGF/TikZ.
  • PGF : Portable Graphics Format

  • PGF: internal engine; TikZ: frontend

• Tikz is a vector graphics drawing package that works in the $\LaTeX$ environment.

Why we want to use tikz?

• Nicely integrated into $\LaTeX$ and Beamer
• reduction in size of pdf.
• quility of picture.
• more control over figure in run time.
• Placed inline figures in the middle of text

Pros and cons of tikz

• Pros
  • Programatically draw with exact precision
  • Consistent typography
  • Very fast for simple graphics
• Cons
  • Steep learning curve
  • No WYSIWYG (although TikzEdt is a app develove for this)
  • Changes require recompile
  • TikZ is cool for 2D pictures. For 3D graphics not so easy.

A typical tikz environment

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}

  \begin{tikzpicture}
        <---- Your code goes here --->
  \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

A inline tikz environment

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
	in line tikz \tikz \fill[orange] (0,0) circle (1ex); provides
\end{document}

Line drawing example

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw (0,0) -- (4,4);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Rectangle drawing example

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw  (-5.5,3) rectangle (0.5,-0.5);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw (-5.5,-0.5) -- (-5.5,3) -- (0.5,3) -- (0.5,-0.5) --cycle;
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Ellipse and circle drawing example

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw  (-2,2) ellipse (1 and 0.5);
\draw  (1,2) ellipse (1 and 1);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Drawing Bezier Curve

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw  (0,0) .. controls (0,4) and (4,0) .. (4,4);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Changing draw style

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw[line width=2]  (0,0) -- (4,0);
\draw[line width=4]  (0,-1) -- (4,-1);
\draw[line width=4, dashed]  (0,-2) -- (4,-2);
\draw[red, line width=4, dashed]  (0,-3) -- (4,-3);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Predefined Colors

black, blue, brown, cyan, darkgray, gray, green, lightgray, lime, magenta, olive, orange, pink, purple, red, teal, violet, white, yellow

Defining own Colors

\definecolor{new_orange}{RGB}{255,127,100}

Example:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\definecolor{new_orange}{RGB}{255,127,100}
\draw[orange, line width=4, dashed]  (0,0) -- (4,0);
\draw[new_orange, line width=4, dashed]  (0,-1) -- (4,-1);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Controlling fill and transparency of colors

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\definecolor{new_orange}{RGB}{255,127,100}
\draw[color=red, fill=red](0,0) circle (1.5);
\draw[color=red, fill=red!40](4,0) circle (1.5);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Drawing arrow line

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw[-latex,line width=1]  (0,0) -- (4,0);
\draw[latex-latex,line width=2]  (0,-1) -- (4,-1);
\draw[triangle 45-,line width=2, dashed]  (0,-2) -- (4,-2);
\draw[diamond-open diamond,red, line width=2, dashed]  (0,-3) -- (4,-3);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

nodes in TikZ

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node (Node A) at (0,0) {Node A};
\node (Node B) at (4,4) {Node B};
\draw[fill=red] (2,3) circle (0.05cm);
\draw (2,3) circle (1cm) node[anchor=north west] {In Circle};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

anchor options:

• center
• east
• west
• north
• south
• north west
• north east
• south west
• south east

relative controls of shapes

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node (origin) at (0,0) {~};
\draw (origin.center)-- +(3cm,5cm) -- +(3cm,0cm)--cycle;
\draw (origin.center)+(5cm,2cm) circle (1cm);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Draw grid shapes

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw[help lines, thick] (0,0) grid (4,4);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Shading in TikZ

Shading functions

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
	\begin{tikzpicture}
		\shade[shading=ball, ball color=blue] (0,0) circle (.3);
		\shade[shading=ball, ball color=white] (1,0) circle (.3);
		\shade[shading=ball, ball color=black] (2,0) circle (.3);
	\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

shading a shape

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
	\begin{tikzpicture}
		\shade[top color=red, bottom color=green] (0,0) rectangle (2,1);
		\shade[draw,shading=radial, inner color=blue] (3,0) rectangle (5,1);
		\shade[left color=red] (6,0) rectangle (8,1);
	\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Grouping elements

• the scope invronment is used to isolate and group one or more elements.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
	\begin{tikzpicture}
		\begin{scope}
			\bf
			\draw  (-3,2) rectangle (-1.5,1);
			\node at (-0.5,1.5) {Dibya};
		\end{scope}
		\draw  (-5,1.5) ellipse (0.5 and 0.5);
		
		\node at (1,1.5) {Sundar};
	\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Cliping in tikz

• After a \clip command, all subsequent drawings are clipped, only the parts inside the clipping region are drawn.
• I Use the scope environment to restrict the effect of clipping:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
	\begin{tikzpicture}
		\begin{scope}
		\clip (-0.5, 0) circle (1);
		\clip ( 0.5, 0) circle (1);
		\fill[color=gray] (-2,1.5)
		rectangle (2,-1.5);
		\end{scope}
	\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Mindmap library in tikz

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary {mindmap}
\begin{document}
	\begin{tikzpicture}[mindmap, concept color=red!50]
		\node [concept] {Root concept} 
		child[grow=right] {node[concept] {Child concept 1}} 
		child[grow=left] {node[concept]{child concept 2}}
		child[grow=down] { node[concept]{child conept 3}
			child[grow=east] {node[concept]{sub-child 1}}
			child[grow=west] {node[concept]{sub-child 2}}
			child[grow=north west] {node[concept]{sub-child 3}}
			child[grow=north east] {node[concept]{sub-child 4}}
			child[grow=south west] {node[concept]{sub-child 5}}
			child[grow=south east] {node[concept]{sub-child 6}}
			child[grow=south] {node[concept]{sub-child 7}}
		};
	\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Loops in tikz

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
	\begin{tikzpicture}
	\foreach \x in {-5,...,5}
		\draw (\x, 0.1) -- (\x, -0.1) node [below] {\x};
	\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Design a flow chart for adding 10 numbers uning TikzEdt Tool

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}


\draw  (-1,3.5) ellipse (0.5 and 0.5) node {\bf Start};
\draw (-2.5,1.5) -- (0.5,1.5) -- (0.7,2.5) -- (-2.3,2.5)--cycle;
\draw  (-2.5,1) rectangle (0.5,0);


\draw[fill=black]  (-1,-5) ellipse (0.5 and 0.5) node[white] {\bf End};
\draw (-1,-0.5) -- (-2.5,-1.5) -- (-1,-2.5) -- (0.5,-1.5) -- (-1,-0.5);
\draw (-2.5,-4) -- (0.5,-4) -- (0.7,-3) -- (-2.3,-3)--cycle;
\draw (-1,3) -- (-1,2.5);
\draw (-1,1.5) -- (-1,1);
\draw (-1,-2.5) -- (-1,-3);
\draw (0.5,-1.5) -- (1.25,-1.5);
\draw (-1,-4) -- (-1,-4.5);


\node at (-1,2) {Input array $a$};

\node[anchor=south] at (-1,0.5) {$i=1$};
\node[anchor=north] at (-1,0.5) {$s=0$};


\draw  (1.25,-1) rectangle (4.25,-2);
\draw (-1,0) -- (-1,-0.5);
\node[anchor=south] at (-1,-1.5) {is };
\node[anchor=north] at (-1,-1.5) {$i<=N$ ?};
\node at (2.75,-1.25) {$s\leftarrow s + a[i]$};
\node[anchor=south] at (0.75,-1.5) {yes};
\node at (2.75,-1.75) {$i \leftarrow i+1$};
\draw (4.25,-1.5) -- (4.5,-1.5) -- (4.5,-0.25) -- (-1,-0.25);
\node[anchor=west] at (-1,-2.75) {No};
\node at (-1,-3.5) {Print s};
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

Plots in TikZ

Plots from csv file in TikZ

Package requited: pgfplot, pgfplotstable

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{pgfplots, pgfplotstable}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\pgfplotstableread[ col sep=comma,]{opti_vs_acc.csv}\datatablt
\begin{axis}  
[
ybar,
bar width=10pt,
enlargelimits=0.15,  
x=2cm,
ylabel={Accuracy (\%)},
xlabel={Optimizer},  
xtick=data,
typeset ticklabels with strut,
%x label style={at={(axis description cs:0.5,-0.2)},anchor=north},
xticklabels from table={\datatablt}{opti},
%x tick label style={rotate=90,anchor=east},
%	scale x tick={base 10:-3},
tickwidth=0mm,
nodes near coords,
every node near coord/.append style={font=\scriptsize},
nodes near coords align={vertical},   
]
\addplot table [x expr=\coordindex, y=densenet, col sep=comma]{opti_vs_acc.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Plots from txt file in TikZ

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{pgfplots, pgfplotstable}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
grid=both,
grid style={line width=.1pt, draw=gray!10},
major grid style={line width=.2pt,draw=gray!50},
minor tick num=5,
scale only axis, % The height and width argument only apply to the actual axis
height=6cm,
width=10cm,
xmax=51, xmin=0,
ymax=101, ymin=0,
legend pos=north east,
xtick={0,10,20,30,40,50},
xlabel={\textbf{Number of nodes}},
ylabel={\textbf{Accuracy}}, ylabel near ticks,
legend style={
	at={(0.8,0.3)},
	anchor=north}
]
\addplot[blue, thick,mark=x] table [y=d,x=c,col sep=comma] {ResultShuttel.txt};
\addplot[red, thick,mark=*] table [y=f,x=c,col sep=comma] {ResultShuttel.txt};
\legend{ELM,BF-ELM}
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}